The Inhabited Woman

The novel, classified as a semi-biographical one, is the author's first bestselling novel. It can be considered as a contemporary classic. In fact, Randall (2004) reiterated, â€Å"The Inhabited Woman grabs us from two unexpected directions: its consciousness of the centrality of woman in struggle, and its retrieval of the cycles of birth and rebirth which are such an important part of indigenous cosmology† (Forward, p. 6). On the one hand, throughout the novel, Lavinia (one of the main characters) struggles with being a business-minded woman in an architectural industry composed primary of men.The plight a woman’s struggle first took shape in Chapter One when a battle was referred to as the roots of a tree of which the writer entered into through its circulatory system (Belli, 2004, p. 7). As with any circulatory system, there must be a constant blood flow that helps all the parts function properly. If the blood flow is interrupted, then problems begin to arise. Thus, the other hand, the roots of the tree must be healed in order to make the system work. Hence, the writer refers to time spent in Europe (Bologna) as a place where Lavinia’s artistic nature was tame.However, she had left that place to have opportunities to showcase her innovative side (Belli, 2004). The parallelism between the protagonist, Lavinia, and the author is striking and obvious. Both women are well-educated members of the upper class who were raised in a world of political turmoil. Significantly, they have a choice of not paying attention to the glass ceiling that these politics entail or allowing it to be their ruin. Both women choose a life far from the one of limited opportunities and poverty.Instead, the women pursue a life of luxury, education, and continuous learning. In order to acquire a true reflection of how Gioconda and Lavinia were alike, their lives must be examined. Gioconda lived a comfortable, protected and sheltered life. She was educated in the best of schools as well as given a sheltered life away from bullets and bombs. Gioconda was also loved and nurtured by her parents. Later on, Gioconda joined the Sandinista movement. Sadly, this took her away from luxurious living and eventually forced her to be exiled in Mexico in 1975 (Wikipedia, 2008).Lavinia, similar to Gioconda, lived a sheltered life until she joined the revolution and fell in love with a war hero. Over the years, countries around the world have been in constant struggle to gain a free government; a democratic government free from dictators and tyrants. Many books have been written about this topic. Few books have focused on the author’s feminist struggle for freedom and democracy, and in the process, a struggle for self identity and self worth. As Lavinia’s journey through a life of opportunities begins, she goes to a job interview.It is a typical interview symbolic of a male’s ego and testosterone. Julian sees Lavinia as a woman that can expl ain architecture blueprints in simple terms but as a sex symbol, all the same (Belli, 2004, pp. 13-17). Lavinia’s goal was to prove she had a great deal of knowledge of architecture and could succeed on her own merits. Thus, although she thought of men and sex throughout the book, Lavinia predetermined that marriage, for her, would be placing limitations on one’s self—unless, of course, the right man came along (Belli, 2004, p.22). Nevertheless, the fact remains that the novel was full of sexual context. One example is an office romance that was present in the early stages of the book. A man and a woman were having sex openly, as if they were wild animals. Belli (2004) wrote, â€Å"I know only that they make love to each other like healthy animals, without garments or inhabitants. ’ ‘That is how our people loved before the strange god of the Spaniards forbade them the pleasures of loving’† (p. 41).Despite being forbidden of this fruit by a god, as in the holy bible when Adam and Eve were forbidden of eating from the tree of good and evil by the Lord (Genesis, King James Version), one can say that Lavinia’s people had disobeyed a god. As a result of this disobedience, (Adam and Eve) they were forced to go forth out of their comfort zone and learn how to live on their own (Genesis, KJV). Thus, just as Adam and Eve had to learn (as children do from their parents), so were many lessons taught in the novel.In one incidence, while Lavinia was watching one of her sex partner’s named Felipe sleep peacefully, she referred to him as a child (Belli, 2004, p. 42). This is important because Lavinia thought of her seeds as the seeds of oranges that are capable of falling on good soil and bearing fruit (children). She also considered the Earth as an orange because it is round and flat. Yet, symbolism used to compare child bearing to orange trees blossoming is of extreme value because Lavinia mentioned Ute, the wom an who taught Felipe to love.In fact, Lavinia indicated that Felipe considered Ute as the â€Å"Mother and lover in one woman†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Belli, 2004, p. 47). Thus, just as an orange tree must bear forth fruit that produces a continuous cycle of orange trees, so must women bear forth children who will, in turn, grow up to replenish the Earth. Another reason why much symbolism exists in the novel is because of the realism. Lavinia read a book that â€Å"†¦said that Jules Verne had never left France, and yet he had still managed to reach the moon with his imagination and predict many of humanity’s deeds and discoveries† (Belli, 2004, p. 55).This is what Lavinia desired out of life. Consequently, the mind (or imagination) can open up doors to endless opportunities and countless lessons. Unlike the body which comes to a closure upon death, due to the mind, legacies can live on. Lavinia’s grandfather tapped into this concept as he gave Lavinia some final wor ds that included â€Å"†¦Now that I am nearing Omega, I leave you this legacy: nothing that is done in the name of universal culture is ever a waste†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Belli, 2004, p. 56). Thus, through these words Lavinia was taught that no matter what the struggle or the triumph, a lesson is available to be learned.Yet, the reader can learn from the symbolisms that exist in the novel. One such lesson came as Lavinia’s grandfather died on New Year’s Eve by sneezing to death (Belli, 2004, p. 56). Just as her grandfather had talked about Alpha and Omega (the beginning and the end), the lesson here is that just as one year comes to an end, another one begins. Although Lavinia’s grandfather died out, history still lived on through his granddaughter. That history included Lavinia coming in contact with members of the National Liberation Movement (NLM) that showed up at her door one day, wounded.It is a history that also includes Lavinia referring to her admiration of Che Guevara of Italy, her grandfather’s fascination with Fidel Castro and the ideal of revolution, and even the NLM members’ being referenced to tropical Quixotes by Lavinia (Belli, 2004, p. 71). Yet, the reality of all lessons is that there are often harsh ones to be learned. Lavinia had to witness the same people she had helped (two men and one young woman) bodies being shown as bloody and dead in the paper when she returned to work.Just to not be discovered as a helper to these individuals, Lavinia had to tell a lie to a co-worker in regards to which of the men was Fermin (Belli, 2004). Just before the book takes a turn where Lavinia changes from that lively woman with endless opportunities to do anything or be anything in life, she manages to sum of what the reader considers as the main theme of the book: Man with his deeds can change features, appearances: he can sow or cut down trees, change the course of rivers, make those huge dark roads that trace snaking paths along the earth.But he cannot move volcanoes, life up the canyons, interfere in the dome of the heavens, prevent the formation of the clouds, change the position of the sun or the moon. (Belli, 2004l, p. 85) This exert is symbolic of how since the beginning of time man-kind has altered things. In the bible when the City of Babel was being built were the people wanted to come together and build a tower to heaven, rather than use stones that were already made by God, man created bricks for building (Genesis 11:1-9, KJV).Yet, man-kind had been told to fill the earth. Since they would not do it themselves, the Lord sent angels to scramble their languages and force them to do so (Genesis, KJV). Due to the fact man-kind sowed a bad seed, there are many languages today and the reason why there are many wars. In the bible, when the City of Babel was being built, God realized that man-kind would not think there was anything they could not do if they were to succeed at this.So, God had to take action against it (Genesis 11:1-9, KJV). Throughout the novel, no matter what happened, Lavinia could always use her imagination to make things as she wanted to. However, no matter what, it did not change the fact she went from being the leader of her own life to being lead (by Sebastian and Lorenzo) and then to even turning to God for instruction. Due to these factors, one might consider Lavinia as putting profession first, politics second and religion last.In this scenario, Lavinia encountered the struggle of woman to find their place in the world—a struggle that often finds woman having to pay the ultimate price of disobedience. References Belli, G. (2004). The Inhabited Woman. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. Randall, M. (2004, Spring). The Inhabited Woman: Foreward. (Contributor). Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. Wikipedia. (2008, February 13). Gioconda Belli. Retrieved March 23, 2008, from website: http://en. wikipedia. org/wi ki/Gioconda_Belli

Dietary Supplement Report

Every human body should contain dietary Supplements. According to cpmc. com dietary supplements are substances you eat or drink. Dietary supplements are widely available in the United States in health food stores, grocery stores, pharmacies, on the Internet, and by mail. As said on activecenterforhe. com Makers of dietary supplements cannot legally say that dietary supplements can diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease. People commonly take them for health-related reasons. As said on execbussiness. com they can be vitamins, minerals, herbs or other plants, amino acids, or parts of these substances. They can be in pill, capsule, tablet, or liquid form. They supplement the diet and should not be considered a substitute for food. Dietary Supplements are intended to supplement the diet. They are also oral supplements. The three parts of Supplements are Health, Performance, and weight loss. There are many benefits of taking Dietary Supplements, According to livestrong. com such as; taking supplements on top of a healthy diet may be beneficial in ensuring your body have the nutrients it needs each day. In general, a balanced diet with sufficient amounts of fruits and vegetables without many of saturated fats and sweet sugars contains most vitamins and minerals your body needs. Exceptions to this rule occur in young children who grow and may not get enough vitamins and minerals in their diets, and older adults who may have the same problem. According to nutrition. about. com Taking supplements can provide additional nutrients when your diet is lacking or when certain health conditions cause you to develop an insufficiency or deficiency. Deficiency means lack or shortage of something, for example vitamin A deficiency in children. Insufficiency means an adequate amount or quantity. Multiple vitamins are generally safe because they contain only small amours of each nutrient. Shown on livestrong. com the consumption of some dietary supplements may also help prevent cancer. A number of essential vitamins, including vitamins A, C and E, act as antioxidants in the body. Consuming dietary supplements may also aid in tissue maintenance and repair, processes that occur throughout your life. According to jag-lawfirm. om Dietary supplements may be good for you but there are risks from taking these supplements. Dietary supplement side effects can be serious, even fatal in some people, although consumers often take such supplements without realizing the risks. Side effects of supplements can be experienced when using too much of a product, but some people will suffer serious side effects when only using a small, recommended or le ss amount. The dosage or â€Å"serving† recommendations are not government tested or approved, and it is the responsibility of the manufacturer to ensure the safety of recommended servings for everyone who uses the product. Unless you’re seriously deficient a lot of mineral soluble are not good for you. Most vitamins are ok as long as you only take your days allowance. 9according to live strong) Mega dose could be hazardous. For example too much Vitamin D could cause nausea and weakness just like too much vitamin C could cause diarrhea, vomiting and kidney stones. The government’s regulations surrounding dietary supplements are treated similar to food products, with some exceptions. According to livestrong. com The U. S. Food and Drug Administration were created to regulate all food and drugs in the United States as this agency does not monitor dietary supplements. The Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, or (CFSAN), is a scientific regulatory organization responsible for cosmetics, drugs, medical devices and dietary supplements produced in and imported into the United States. As part of a 1994 act that helped to form this agency, the FDA created the United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, which provides dietary supplement guidelines and specifications. Manufactures are not required to register with the (FDA) Food and Drug administration. Dietary supplements are treated similarly to food products with some exceptions. Supplement manufacturers are not required to register with the FDA and do not need approval from the FDA to produce or sell a product. Not need approval from the FDA to produce or sell a product. Manufactures are responsible for ensuring that their products are safe. The health condition I choose is Anemia. As said on webmd. com Anemia is a condition that develops when your blood lacks healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the main part of red cell and binds of oxygen. Oral iron supplements are the best way to restore iron level for people who are iron deficient. Should only be used only when dietary measures have failed. Accidental overdose of iron-contain products is a leading cause of fatal poisoning in children younger than six years old. Any medicated product should also stay out the reach of children. If overdose occurs seek immediate medical attention or call poison control. Iron is the medication supplement used to treat or prevent low blood level of iron. Iron is an important mineral that the body needs to produce red blood cell and keep you in good health. According to physiciansoffice. com the dosage of iron for adults is 50 to 60mg of iron children 4 to 6mg per kg of body weight divided into three equal daily doses. Dietary supplements can be either good or fatal for you. These supplements are usually used for people who don’t receive enough nutrients, or people looking for an easy way of healthy living. Anemia is manageable when taking the proper dosage of supplements or eating a proper diet, which contains a well balance meal. References http://www.nutrition.gov/dietary-supplements http://www.fda.gov/Food/DietarySupplements/ http://www.livestrong.com/article/469833-government-regulations-for-dietary-supplements/ http://www.supplementquality.com/stdregs/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11925487

Criminal profiling Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Criminal profiling - Research Paper Example Offender Profiling Criminal Profiling or Offender Profiling is the method that is utilized as a tool to locate or predict the profile and characteristics of an unknown criminal offender. In different regions of the world, criminal profiling is considered by different names like, criminal personality profiling, criminological profiling, behavioral profiling or criminal investigative analysis. As far as geographical profiling is concerned, it is a different method of profiling an offender. In the year 1990, 2005 and 2011, a number of television serials and films like â€Å"Criminal Minds† and a film entitled â€Å"The Silence of the Lambs† have introduced many names, which according to FBI version, highlights the salient features of "criminal investigative analysis." Here we cite, Holmes and Holmes, which indicates three main objectives of criminal profiling. Initially it is to provide complete information about law enforcers along with a social and psychological analytical background of the offenders (other serial killers) that would be helpful for the police who needs help in the investigations (Holmes and Holmes 139). Amongst many kinds of criminal profiling, one is called linkage analysis. Gerard N. Labuschagne, a well known profiler has connected his analysis on the behavioral attitude of the offender, which plays an important role in detecting or determining the possibility of crimes that have been committed by one or more offenders. Gathering many evidences relating to offender’s crime style such as modalities of committing crimes and the signature of the offenders will be of great help to establish an essence for a linkage analysis. An offender’s modality is the tendency of killing victims. An offender’s signature, if found similar in each killing, may be helpful for the investigator to trace the actual culprit. It is worth mentioning that the linkage analysis is effectively utilized in a case or cases where the DNA test facility is not available (Labuschagne 186). Labuschagne, who can be stated as a profiler of repute is of the view that in gathering and looking at the a spects of the offender’s crime pattern, investigators must take into account five procedural assessment a) gather data from multiple channels b) review available data to pin point prominent features of each crime c) categorize the significant features d) compiling a written report that identifies the findings (Labuschagne 189). Historical background In the case of â€Å"ordinary† criminals, straight forward process, involving all relevant indications and establishing a rational objective for the crime, which most often helps lead to the actual perpetrators, is adopted. Apparently, it may be objectless crime, if it comparatively presents difficult and complex conundrum. It is true that an investigator cannot find a clue of a criminal until and unless concrete evidence is there to connect with him with the crime (Sillup 2010). Describing cited subjects is nothing but criminal profiling. Criminal profiling is an art of tracking down the real perpetrator rather than scienc e. It is based on careful observation of physical evidence of a crime

Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 5

Consumer Behaviour - Essay Example And some of these external factors include social influences such as lifestyles, households, sub-cultures, social class, and reference groups. While these influences are often remain undistinguished and mixed by laypeople, the distinction between each group is important in order to know up to what extent these groups influence an individual as regards her purchase decisions. One of these influences include sub-cultures. A culture usually pertains to a set of norms among a larger group, usually a country or a geographical region that has been shared and strengthened through traditions. It is the same for sub-cultures, a set of norms or a set of behaviours and beliefs that are acceptable within a given group, only that the group is a smaller one than a country or a geographical territory. Regions, organisations, clubs, and other smaller groups within the society have their own set of norms, their own cultures. These norms comprise what are called the sub-culture. A sub-culture is said to be more relevant to culture because these norms have more immediate effect to an individual. In terms of reference to an individuals identity, sub-cultures are also closer for them to associate their identity with. Therefore, a sub-culture, when an individual feels strongly being a member of a certain social group is a potent social influencer in terms of the individuals decision, including consumer purchase decisions. Another social influence is lifestyle. In contrast to sub-culture which is dependent on a larger groups norms and beliefs where the individual is a member of, lifestyle is the sum of the activities that define how an individual lives her life; a lifestyle is a certain way of living. Some examples of an active lifestyle include active lifestyles, where an individual pursues more engaging physical activities such as sport and other recreation, or passive lifestyle where activities include less physical activities such as music, etc. These lifestyles

The end of the chapter questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The end of the chapter questions - Assignment Example The company’s marketing strategy also distinguishes the overall organization from other competitors that also apply digital services, offer marketing services, point solutions and agencies. Basically, the current eBay’s marketing solutions arm has ample attention put on simplifying the complex marketing landscape by coming up with innovative solutions within and across the demand generation value chain, increasing the company’s investment in its commerce marketing technology suite, and connecting its marketing-leading solutions with universal attribution, analytics and business intelligence to drive superior services and transactions. When it comes to the role of the organization’s business model, business philosophy, electronic community, and marketing strategies in the aspect of maintaining, attracting and growing customers; eBay takes this as one of the core matters that must be looked at keenly (EBay Enterprise 2014). In any business background, it is more expensive to bring on new faces or parties as customers than it is to hold on to the already existing ones; eBay uses this as a stepping stone to make sure that as they get more customers they do not loose the others. The company ensures that they know what you expect from them as a customer and makes unique, they consult with other experienced professions on how they can make their relationship with customers stronger, they ensure that all their advisors are competent and trustworthy to enhance confidentiality of significant customer details, and upon acquiring customers they ensure that the organization’s personal touch is not lost. Moreover , through the company’s business model there is smart planning and automation and ensuring that the collective growth is profitable. Marriott, as an international organization, has for many years focused on the aspect of taking care of its customers; which it does through putting a lot of attention on it

BPA fetal exposures affect male and female development and quality of Research Paper

BPA fetal exposures affect male and female development and quality of life as adults - Research Paper Example In essence, early exposure to BPA, as well as other chemicals, especially in the foetal stage signifies an increase in the risk of disease later in life. This paper will examine the impact of BPA in adults following foetal exposure. Health Concerns Some of the risks involved with foetal exposure to BPA include increased risk for prostate cancer in adult men and breast cancer in both women (Okada et al 32). In addition, foetal exposure to BPA results in adverse metabolic changes, early onset of puberty and decreased fertility. Furthermore, immunological changes are also a major consequence of foetal exposure to BPA (Rubin 30). Whenever foetal exposure to BPA occurs, the chemical infiltrates the body in an active fashion. BPA binds to the body’s oestrogen receptors replicating the functions of oestrogen. Furthermore, in both male and female adults, BPA causes adverse reproductive effects, particularly in populations exposed to BPA due to their occupations. During the initial 11 weeks of gestation, which is a time when most pregnant women are unaware of their pregnancy, the internal communication systems, and organs of the foetus develop quite rapidly, thus are extremely sensitive to external pressures. Organs such as the brain and mammary glands develop during gestation, thus experience a prolonged period of vulnerability to the effects of BPA, especially since foetal development of such organs is susceptible to oestrogen fluctuations. Additionally, in certain instances, BPA has been shown to cause obesity. When BPA binds to oestrogen receptors in the human body, it causes alternative estrogenic effects, which start outside the nucleus. The alternate path caused by BPA ultimately alters lipid and glucose metabolism, resulting in weight gain (Rubin 31). This is primarily since the alternative oestrogen receptors trigger pathways that result from exposure to BPA to rework the functions of vital components that play a significant role in metabolism, for insta nce, adiposities and pancreatic B cells. In a recent study, it was confirmed that foetal exposure to BPA has the capacity to potentiate the systems inherent in the central dopaminergy. This is bound to result in marked super sensitivity to the drugs linked to abuse-induced reward implications. In essence, by affecting mesolimbic dopamine activity, BPA causes adverse effects such as attention deficits, hypersensitivity and an increased sensitivity to drugs linked to abuse. Furthermore, BPA is also known to bind to receptors of the thyroid hormone, and possibly cause certain side effects on its functions. For instance, BPA impacts triiodothyronine in adults following exposure to the chemical during the prenatal development phase (Rubin 33). Researchers now consider that there are actually two ways through which BPA interrupts the regular endocrine function (Okada et al 32). The compound can perform as a weak estrogen, which binds to the estrogen receptor. It also can, on the other han d, impede the impact of stronger natural estrogens, restraining estrogen function. They are usually considered performing in the cell nucleus via the estrogen receptors, which control gene expression. Many other ways of BPA action are considered to be related to its biological

Capstone PROJECT Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Capstone PROJECT - Article Example Martin Luther King was one of the major champions of great principle, laboring and sacrificed his life to advance the cause the equal rights for all individuals within United States of America (Bloom & Blake Web). Various people have discussed about the American dream but so far it has never been achieved Short documentary film to be created by own cinematic masterpiece in a showcase (Crosby et al Web). My opinion and belief on the American dream is that it will one day be achieved (Gibson &Mark Web). The impact of achieving the American dream will provides the people of American the first chance to job opportunities. The objectives should reflect the past and present beliefs, values and experiences. Further, the objectives try to demonstrate the thoughtful consideration of rhetorical choices to achieve the purpose (Kopple Web). To admire the political rights to all including the Republic and Democrats, the leaders elected are supposed to be committed. However, it helps in gaining a proper critical distance while considering the King’s advice (Mailer Web). The King suggested people to love their enemies in order to foster the development and continuity of the people within the United States. The project will have a professional quality workmanship. This can be achieved through proper working skills in collecting the necessary information’s (Newlin Web). Further, the parameter should contain a meaningful and purposeful chosen text track that can provides understandable and content of the American Dream (Ramsay Web). While using the while using visuals and audios, both should have an open meaning to allow quick understanding to the people of the United States. The process of projects varies with the choice of the researcher. However, the process used should have maximum provision of evidence and facts to all individuals (Obama Web). Use of the photographs is always preferred since it always tries to provide facts and is durable.

Understanding organisation theory and practice Essay - 1

Understanding organisation theory and practice - Essay Example The findings of the report highlighted issues related to operations and structures of Qantas and Virgin airlines, economic factors, and the role of the government. In addition, the report also gave several recommendations that were geared towards optimizing the bottom line of the companies and dealing with hurdles that surface in the cause of operations. Qantas and Virgin airlines have encountered several challenges that stem from their internal and external environment. The challenges can be attributed to impacts of globalisation and advancement of technology. The management approach that they have often employed depending on the prevailing situation is the use of contingency theory approach. The report focuses only on the contingency management approaches of the Qantas and Virgin airlines. It does not incorporate other management theories that the two airlines (Qantas and Virgin) employ in their operations. The significant continual growth of Virgin brand across borders is a reflection of the success of the airlines’ success in its management approaches. The unique structure of the airline makes it difficult to designate a specific/particular management approaches in its operations. However, the contingency management approach is perceived to be the main approach for the success of the operations of the airline. Its management is usually reorganised to commensurate with arising contemporary situations hence decision making being based on situational analysis. Virgin’s current model of contingency planning explores both internal and external factors, ensuring employee morale and motivation are not neglected in times of external contingencies. The models of management are integrated to align with the market trends aimed at mitigating risks and changes, and ultimate optimisation of profit. The business has not only grown beyond the borders and gained competitive leverage inc lusive of the diversification of its operations but has also been an

Funding a Business Venture Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Funding a Business Venture - Assignment Example h Parker’s funding comes with its pros and cons, Wolf found it as the preferred source, considering financing risks and possible help he could get for the promotion of tracker. Investment banking matches the needs of those who have money and those who need it (Wise, 2006). And investment bankers, such as Goldman Sachs, raise capital by underwriting securities or working as an agent to issue them. They also assist their clients with acquisitions and mergers as well as other ancillary services. Their significance lies in their ability to finance huge projects and help their clients with acquisitions and mergers. Stock market facilitates the buying and selling of shares (Fontanills & Gentile, 2001). Shares of those companies that are listed in stock exchanges, such as New York and London, are traded there. Stock market is one of the best sources of raising capital and spreading the company’s ownership widely. McLaney says risk is an important element of all financial decisions and must be considered (2009). Risk financing relates to managing funds for unexpected losses to the company. It is important to make provisions for weathering unexpected losses. Start-ups face more uncertainties than old ones about market, sales, competition, cost of production, and failure. Funding a start-up business is a major challenge. Gary Wolf, a former junior scientist with the General Electric (GE) with several minor but useful inventions under his belt, came to know about it when he wanted to start his own business, Tracker Co., to develop and sell a tracker. The tracker would help viewers to track and record television programs that met the pre-designated specifications, when the viewers were away from television. While recording, the device would skip too violent or sexually explicit scenes. After carefully considering all options, Wolf decided to get funding from a business angel. Wolf needed $50,000 to start. Out of this, $40,000 was necessary to set up a laboratory to

The United States economy Essay Example for Free

The United States economy Essay The economic problems that are plaguing the United States economy at the present are numerous to say the least. Since the collapse of the Housing market, the United States has experienced what some have come to call an economic recession. While it remains to be seen if the United States economy is really undergoing a recession at this point in time, this situation can be used as a great opportunity to point out the current struggles of the American economy. The much touted and highly publicized US $700 billion bailout plan is argued to be good for the economy as a â€Å"quick fix† to the problem yet there are a number of economists who feel that the real solution to the problem lies in establishing more solid fiscal policies as opposed to monetary policies. As several economists have pointed out, the monetary solution of providing an economic stimulus package without addressing the fundamental problems is only a â€Å"quick fix. † The world is beginning to realize that all of the credit and financial problems that the world is facing right now cannot be solved by throwing money at it. The problem, as pointed out, is not simply that the world is experiencing a slow down but that there are fundamental flaws with several of the world’s largest economies and as such these problems have to be addressed. Any monetary policy will simply result in concealing the glaring holes in the economic systems and will not provide the needed answers to the problem. There seems to be no end in sight for this economic problem as governments all over the world announce new economic stimulus packages. There also seems to be a dearth in fiscal policies that are designed to solve this problem. In order to arrive at a more effective solution to the problem, it is important to accompany these monetary policies with sound fiscal policies in order to create solid economic fundamentals that may prevent the occurrence of financial crises such as these in the future. References: Davidson, Scott. (2003). Economics: Perfect Competition and Monopolistic Competition. 2nd Series. Bantham Books: 103-105. Davis, K. (2003). The costs and consequences of being uninsured. Retrieved February 4, 2008, from http://www. cmwf. org. Stone, Diane. (2007) â€Å"Market Principles, Philanthropic Ideals and Public Service Values: The Public Policy Program at the Central European University†, PS: Political Science and Politics, July: 545—551

Speed Velocity And Acceleration

Speed Velocity And Acceleration In this chapter we will look at the concepts of speed, acceleration, and velocity. As we all know gravity is a large factor in the acceleration of an object. For the purposes of this chapter we will differentiate between linear and vertical acceleration as being objects that move linearly or horizontally i.e. linear acceleration, versus objects that fall, fly, or are thrown etc. i.e. vertical acceleration. Vertical acceleration is much more governed by the force of gravity and is covered in greater detail in chapter 12 Newtons Laws. A short section at the end of the chapter addressing vertical acceleration is however included to put the area into context. You may have heard the old adage Speed kills. And you know whether you are driving your car or playing sport its a dangerous variable. Fast athletes are very difficult to handle, as are fast cars. However, having speed is of vital importance in sports. In this chapter well look at speed, velocity and acceleration and the factors that influence them. Speed, acceleration and velocity are all different. If you have ever watched a 100 meter race, you will notice that some athletes start faster than others, so their acceleration is different. Athletes finish the race at different times so their speed is different and athletes reach top speed at different stages so their velocity is different. The key terms to be covered in this chapter are speed, acceleration, velocity, distance, displacement, vertical and horizontal acceleration and velocity. The variables of speed, acceleration, displacement, etc. are about linear kinematics. Kinematics is a general term related to describing motion. Kinematics is also a branch of mechanics (specifically dynamics) that evaluates moving objects. In order to accurately describe kinematics there are certain terms that we must fully understand. They include the terms mentioned above (speed, acceleration, and displacement) and distance, velocity and position. Accurate understanding of these terms will allow us to accurately describe the movement of any object. There is often a lot of confusion about the terms acceleration, speed, and velocity. We often use the term speed in everyday language to imply all three terms and the word fast is an even more general term. Consider the following: A person can be moving fast and not be accelerating. A person can accelerate fast and not have a high velocity or high speed. A nice sporting example was the great Boston Celtics player Larry Bird. Larry Bird was very quick to accelerate over three or four steps, was not very fast at his top speed. So while Larry was very quick and dangerous over 3-4 steps, he would not make a good sprinter because his top end speed was not high. So if an object is accelerating, it is changing its velocity. Acceleration has to do with the change in how fast an object is moving. Therefore, if an object is not changing its velocity, it is not accelerating. We know that distance and displacement have different meanings. The same is true for speed and velocity. Speed can be considered as the rate at which an object covers a certain distance. Objects that move slowly cover distances in long periods of time, i.e., low speed. An object moving quickly covers distance in shorter amounts of time, i.e., high speed. If an object is not moving at all it has zero speed, zero velocity and zero acceleration. Let us consider some of these simple terms in more detail. Position: Position is simply the location of an object in space. You could consider it using coordinates on a map for example, or on a field, or gymnasium. Displacement: Displacement is simply the straight line distance an object has travelled. Distance: Distance is how far an object has travelled in any direction. It is also viewed as the total amount of displacement (regardless of ending position). Look at this simple example. Lets say a basketball court from baseline to baseline is 25m. If a player runs baseline to baseline and back what is his displacement and distance? Distance. This is the easy one since he ran up and down the court so that is 25m + 25m = 50m. Displacement. Since the player ran down the court and back again he ended up in the same place he started. So even though he covered a distance of 50m his displacement is actually zero, since he is back where he started. Lets say the player now runs up and down the court twice. His distance covered would be 25m + 25m + 25m +25m = 100m. Since he ended up back where he started his displacement is still zero. Finally, lets say the player runs from one baseline to the other and stops. In this case both his displacement and distance are the same at 25m. For the most part we use distance rather than displacement to describe movements as it is difficult to correctly measure displacement as we make a lot of turns when we travel. You say displacement is really like the old saying as the crow flies which means straight line. For example, the distance you travel in a car from New York City to Boston might be 250 miles (but your displacement is only 175 miles). When you drive in a car you get on the highway and follow the roads around the coast, over bridges, around hills, around towns etc. However, when you fly the plane flies right over everything in a straight line and you end up only travelling 175 miles (your displacement). Speed Speed is a very general term. Speed is a scalar quantity and is described as Distance divided by time (D/T, where D=distance and T=time). Scalar implies that speed has magnitude but not necessarily any direction, for example temperature or volume. People often use speed and velocity interchangeably but they are different. Speed relates to the distance an object has traveled, while velocity refers to the displacement that has taken place. So, the speed of an object tells us how far an object has traveled in a given amount of time but doesnt tell us anything about the direction in which it traveled. It all sounds a little heavy on the definitions but these are important. Therefore: Average speed = Distance traveled (m) Time (s) Now there are also different types of speed. We refer to them as average speed versus instantaneous speed. When an object is moving it often changes its speed (or direction) during its motion. When there is a change in speed we can alter our definitions. Instantaneous speed is the speed at any given instant, while average speed is the average of all the instantaneous speeds. For example, lets say a runner runs 400m in 60 seconds and crosses the line at 18 kmh or 5 m/s. This means his average speed over the 400m was 6.66 m/s even though he crossed the line at 5 m/s which is his instantaneous speed at the finish line. In other words, he was slowing down as he was getting to the end. If you have ever ran a 400m race then you will now how tired you are at the end and are definitely slowing down. How did we do these calculations? Average speed = Distance/time 400m/60 seconds 6.66 m/s The instantaneous speed recording of 5 m/s would have been measured with a radar or timing device. You could also look at various split times for different portions of the race. Many coaches do in fact do this, so a 400m coach might look at each 100m split and look at both the acceleration and deceleration patterns and average speeds during each of the four separate 100 meters. Here is another problem for you to try. Can you calculate the average speed of a swimmer that completes the 200m butterfly in 2.15 seconds? Answer: 2.15 seconds = 135 seconds. So 200m/135 seconds = 1.48 m/s A 400m freestyler swims the race in 4.10 seconds. The 200m split was 2.02 seconds. Can you calculate the following? a. What was the swimmers average speed for the race? b. What was the difference in speed for the first 200m versus the second 200m? Answer: a. 400m/250 seconds = 1.6 m/s b. First 200m split = 1.64 m/s Second 200m split 1.56 m/s As you can see, the swimmer slowed down over the second 200m. Velocity Velocity is somewhat similar to speed but velocity involves both direction and speed. So, whereas speed is a scalar quantity, velocity is a vector quantity, that is, it has both magnitude and direction. Velocity also uses displacement as opposed to distance. Remember displacement is measured as the straight line distance an object travels from starting to ending position. Velocity is direction sensitive since it is dependent upon displacement. Therefore, when you calculate velocity, you must also keep track of direction. Therefore, if you say an airplane has a velocity of 600 kmh, you would actually be a little vague. You should really say the airplane has a velocity of 600 kmh North. So, speed doesnt worry about direction, velocity does. Velocity is a positive number as we dont have negative velocity. So to summarize, a airplane traveling at 600 kmh as a speed of 600 kmh. The same airplane has a velocity of 600 kmh, North. Finally, the same airplane probably had little acceleration in the middle of its trip as it would only need positive acceleration and negative acceleration during take off and landing. Here is an interesting and challenging little problem for you to solve. Can you fill in the following table with acceleration, speed, and velocity data? We know the following, the direction of travel is south and acceleration doubles every second. If youre feeling confident you can also try and calculate the total distance that was covered over the 6 seconds. Hint! You can use the velocity for each second to help you. Time Vel.m/s Accel. m/s2 *Speed.m/s 0s 1 1 1 1s 2 2s 7 3s 8 4s 31 5s 3 6s 64 Answers Time Vel.m/s Accel. m/s2 *Speed.m/s 0s 1 1 1 1s 3 2 1.5 2s 7 4 3.5 3s 15 8 5.0 4s 31 16 7.75 5s 63 32 12.6 6s 127 64 21.16 *Average speed through that time period So: Average velocity = Displacement Time Let try some additional calculation examples: For example, if an athlete runs around a 400 meter track in 50 seconds we can calculate numerous factors. What was the distance traveled? What was the displacement? What was the average speed? What was the average velocity? 1. What was the distance traveled? Answer: Easy enough = 400 meters 2. What was the displacement? Answer: Since the athlete ended up in the same place as they started, displacement is equal to zero. 3. What was the average speed? Answer: Speed = Distance/Time = 400 m/60 seconds = 6.66 m/sec 4. What was the average velocity? Answer: Velocity = Displacement/Time = 0/60 seconds. In this case we end up with a value of zero and in this scenario average speed is a better indicator of overall performance. In many situations we actually calculate average velocity as speed because we cant gather the correct information to calculate speed. For example, if a punt returner catches the ball on the 20 yard line and then avoids a few tackles to ultimately score a touchdown twelve seconds later, we assume the punt returner ran 80 yards. In fact, they may have run 100 yards with all the turning and weaving but we cant accurately calculate the true distance traveled and instead use displacement. For our purposes in sports, thats okay. You try the following problem. Review Problems Can you accurately calculate average speed, velocity, distance and displacement for each of the following situations? Hint: You may not be able to calculate them all accurately. Problem: 1. A punt returner catches the ball on his own 40 yard line and scores a touchdown nine seconds later. 2. A 100 meter sprinter runs the 100 meter in 10.0 seconds flat. Acceleration The law of acceleration is Newtons second law and basically states The change of motion of an object is proportional to the force impressed and occurs in the direction in which the force is impressed. So far we have talked about speed and velocity and performed some calculations. However, while speed and velocity are valuable components, they tend to provide us with summary information and very little about specific detail. For example, if we consider the data for a 200 meter race run in 20 seconds we know that average speed was 10 m/sec. However, we would not know any information about who accelerated the fastest or who was leading after 100 meters. This information is also important as it helps with identifying strength and weaknesses in athletes and in developing training programs for particular athletes. The measurement of acceleration is important. Acceleration is the rate of change in velocity. Therefore, when acceleration is zero, velocity is constant. So when an object changes speed either by slowing up or down, or changes direction, it is accelerating (or decelerating). We can calculate acceleration by measuring the difference in velocity over the time it took for that ch ange in velocity to occur. Consider this: If you were to watch a 100M race the person leading at the 50M mark doesnt always win the race. The reason for this is that runners have different acceleration and deceleration rates, in other words their speed changes. Athletes vary dramatically in their acceleration. Some athletes are very fast over 40M but not over 100M and vice versa. So: Acceleration (a) = Velocity2 Velocity1 Where V2 is velocity at T2 Tim Where V1 is velocity at T1 Sometimes you will see this presented as the change in velocity (Delta sign à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  ) or the change in time (à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T) A = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  V à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T Look at the following acceleration example. Question: A sprinter leaves the starting block at 2.5 m/s. One second later they are traveling at 5.5 m/s. What is the acceleration rate? Answer: V2 V1 = 5.5 m/s 2.5 m/s = 3 m/s squared T 1 You will note that we end up with meters per second squared as our answer would really be presented as 3 m/s/s. Heres another problem to try. Question: A punt returner catches the ball standing still and begins to return. Two seconds later his velocity was 5 m/s. What was his average acceleration over the first two seconds? Answer: V2 V1 = 5 m/s 0 m/s = 3.5 m/s squared T 2 So far we have looked at relatively straightforward examples of speed, acceleration and velocity in that they have all been examples of horizontal movement. Now let us discuss the vertical components of projectile acceleration, speed and velocity. Factors Affecting Acceleration Linear acceleration is affected by many factors and you will recall from chapter ? that the mass of an object is a very important one. Heavier objects accelerate more slowly with a given force. This has to do with both inertia and mass. Heavier objects are harder to both accelerate and decelerate. Think about how easy it is to throw a basketball versus a medicine ball. There are some other points to consider when looking at acceleration, speed, and velocity. First, we now know the units for velocity are meters per second (m/s) and meters per second squared for acceleration (m/s/s). For speed they are also m/s. Since acceleration (like velocity) is a vector quantity, it also has direction associated with it. The direction of acceleration depends on two factors: a. Whether the object is speeding up or slowing down b. Whether the object is moving in a negative (upwards) or positive (downward) direction We can simplify this by saying that if an object is slowing down then its acceleration is in opposite direction of its motion. If it is speeding up then its acceleration is in the same direction as its motion. Therefore: Acceleration (m/s2) = mass (kg)/force (newtons) Vertical speed, acceleration and velocity If you were to throw a ball up in the air and then catch it again at the same height as you released it, how would the ending velocity be? Would it be greater, less, or the same as the release speed? If you guessed the same you would be correct. You see, all objects, whether traveling vertically or horizontally, are subjected to the constant force of gravity (9.81 m/s2). This means that as soon as the ball left your hands it started to negatively (de)accelerate at 9.81 m/s2 until it had no more velocity. Then, it started to positively re-accelerate over the same distance (and time) at a rate of 9.81 m/s2 until you caught it again. This is a very neat relationship as it allows us to make many calculations based on this constant acceleration force. Projectiles are subjected to both vertical and horizontal components in their motion. The horizontal components are affected by the mass of the object and the acceleration force as previously mentioned. The vertical components are also affected by these two factors plus gravity. Consider this statement: A ball shot horizontally (at zero degrees) has the same vertical component as a ball that is simply dropped with no horizontal velocity. What this means is that if you were to throw a pass from your chest and it hit the ground 15 meters away 1.5 seconds later, and at the same time drop a second ball straight down from the same height, they would both hit the ground at the exact same time. What this is showing us is that the force of gravity component is acting consistently regardless of whether the ball has a horizontal component or not. In other words adding a horizon tal acceleration component does not affect in any way the force of gravity. Remember also that gravitational acceleration is a vector quantity comprising both magnitude and direction and acceleration is a squared variable to the magnitude of the force of gravity. This means that for every second an object is in free fall it will accelerate by ad additional 9.81m/s2. Thus the total distance travelled is directly proportional to the square of the time. Or we could say that if an object travels twice the time it will travel four times the distance. If an object travels for three seconds it will cover nine times the distance, for four seconds it is sixteen times the distance travelled in the first second. Look at the following. A coin is dropped from a cliff. The table shows how fast it is travelling at different time points. Time Speed m/s 1 sec 9.81 2sec 19.62 3 sec 29.43 4 sec 39.24 5 sec 49.05 6 sec 58.86 7 sec 96.23 Consider this simple math problem: Question: A boy drops a ball from a balcony and records a time of 3 seconds for the ball to hit the ground. At what velocity did the ball hit the ground? Answer: 29.43 m/s How do we get this answer? Well, remember that gravity acts as a constant 9.81 m/s2. What this means is that for each second the ball is in flight it accelerates an additional 9.81 m/s. So: Insert schematic to demonstrate after 1 second = 9.81 m/s after 2 seconds = 9.81 m/s + 9.81 m/s = 19.62 m/s after 3 seconds + 19.62 m/s + 9.81 m/s = 29.43 m/s This is a simple illustration of the concept. Next question, what velocity would the ball have to be released at ground height for the boy to catch it on the balcony? Answer: A minimum of 29.43 m/s. The answer is the same because gravity and acceleration (or deceleration) is working to the same effect when the ball is moving upwards. This is sometimes referred to a negative acceleration. Question. A boy is standing on a balcony and is curious about how high the balcony is from the ground. The boy drops a ball and records the time it takes to hit the ground. It took 3.2 seconds for the ball to hit the ground. The boy concludes that the balcony is 66.7m high. How did he work it out? Well at the end of the first second the ball was travelling 9.81m/s, at the end of the second the ball was travelling 19.62m/s, at the end of the third second the ball was travelling 29.43m/s. If you add these three distances together you get 58.86 meters travelled after three seconds. If the ball travelled another full second it would travel another 39.24m, but it only travelled in this zone for 0.2 sec. So, 39.24m x 0.2sec =7.84m. Now we add the 58.86m + 7.84m = 66.7m, and thats our answer. There are some other factors to consider with vertical projectiles. The pattern of change in vertical velocity is symmetrical about the apex of the trajectory. So not only does the object land at the same speed it was released, it also follows the reverse flight path on the way down. Using these constant parameters we can now extend our calculations into more complex situations. For example, lets say you are watching a volleyball game in a high school gym with a 10 meter high ceiling. An opponent spikes the ball over the net and a player digs the ball at ground level at which time the ball has a velocity of 15 m/s. The question is will the ball hit the ceiling? To solve for this we can use an equation that combines several variables we talked about already. Where: V2 = velocity at time 2 V1 = velocity at time 1 a = acceleration t = time In order to answer this question we need to look at what we know and what we want to know. Well, we want to know the distance (d) the ball travels. We already know a = 9.81 m/s2 and we know V1 = 15 m/s. We also know that at the apex the velocity is zero, so V2 can be set to zero. So now our formula looks like this: 1. 0 = V1 squared + 2ad 2. 0 = (15 m/s) squared + 2 (-9.81 m/s squared) x d Now if we rearrange to solve for d our formula looks like: = (19.62 m/s squared) x d = 225 m/s squared = d = 11.47 m The answer is yes! The ball will hit the ceiling as it will travel 11.47 m. Heres another similar problem: A ball is deflected vertically at 18 m/s and the ceiling height is 11 meters. Will the ball hit the ceiling? Factors affecting projectile motion We have discussed several factors that affect the movement (or acceleration) of an object. The factors that affect vertical acceleration are the mass of the object, the force (speed) of release and gravity. Horizontal acceleration is affected only by mass and force of release (application). Gravity is of course a factor but not in determining its horizontal component. But sometimes we want to throw objects e.g. discus, hammer, etc. and while these projectiles are influenced by force and mass, there are other factors that influence how far the projectile will travel. We generally recognize three other factors that influence how far a projectile will travel when a constant force is applied. They are: 1. Angle at which projectile is released. 2. The speed of release. 3. The height of release. The optimum angle of release to increase horizontal displacement is 45 °. Projectiles released at over or below this angle will not reach their greatest distance. Look at Table 1 to see how distance traveled varies with changing angles of release. You will see from table 1 that the optimum angle of release is 45 ° and after that the decrease in distance traveled is symmetrical as height compromises distance (I.e. follows the same pattern as increasing angle of release up to 45 °). The greater the speed of release the greater the distance a projectile will travel. This holds true simply because there is a greater acceleration force applied in the first place. Simply put, if you want to throw a ball further you need also to throw it harder. The greater the height of release the greater the distance a projectile will travel. If you consider field sports in athletics you will notice that most successful hammer, discus and javelin throwers are taller, giving the mecha nical advantage over shorter competitors in that event. If you were to throw a ball from the top of a building it would strike the ground much further away than it would if you were to throw it from standing on the ground. Table 1: Distance a Projectile travels at a constant speed and height of release with change in angle of release. (need the reference) Speed of release Release angle Distance Travelled 10m/s 10 3.49m 10m/s 20 6.55m 10m/s 30 8.83m 10m/s 40 10.04m 10m/s 45 10.19m 10m/s 50 1.04m If you have watched a discuss competition or a hammer throw you might notice that these athletes are quite tall (often over 1.9m). The reason for this is that these athletes have an advantage over their shorter counterparts as their angle of release is already several centimeters higher. Summary This chapter has provided a basic introduction to the concepts of speed, acceleration and velocity. We have also looked at how differentiating between these variables is important and sometimes difficult. Using some known constants, such as the accelerating force of gravity (9.81 m/s2) allows us to calculate and even predict the speeds, velocities and flight paths of selected projectiles. We have also discussed other factors that affect projectile motion such as height and speed of release. While this information is very important, it is a basic introduction as there are many other more complex factors affecting speed, acceleration and velocity. We did not talk about shape or design or, indeed materials which also play a role in the way particular objects react to forces. The factors are extremely important but for now are beyond the scope of this text. Following this section are additional problems for you to solve and practice. Review Problems Can you provide a one sentence definition for each of the follow terms? Distance Displacement Acceleration Velocity Speed Position Scalar Vector A ball rolls with an acceleration of -.5 m/s 2. If it stops after 7 seconds, what was its initial speed? A wheelchair marathoner has a speed of 5m/s after rolling down a small hill in 1.5sec. If the wheelchair underwent a constant acceleration of 3 m/s 2 during the descent, what was the marathoners speed at the top of the hill? A runner completes 6.5 laps of a 400m track in 12 mins (720 secs). He starts half way around the bend. Can you calculate the following? a. Distance covered: b. Displacement after 12 minutes: c. Runners average speed: d. Runners average pace: min/mile = A soccer ball is rolling across a field. At T = 0, the ball has an instantaneous velocity of 4 m/s. If acceleration occurs at a constant -0.3 m/s2 how long will it take to stop? A batter strikes a ground ball with an instantaneous velocity of 18m/s. If acceleration occurs at -0.7m/s2 how long will it take to stop?

Loyalty in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Odyssey by Homer and Do

Loyalty in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Odyssey by Homer and Don Quixote by Cervantes This essay has some structural problems. Loyalty is a theme found in many classics. The three classics that are discussed in this paper are _Sir Gawain and the Green Knight_, written by an unknown author, _The Odyssey_ by Homer, and _Don Quixote_, written by Miguel de Cervantes. In all three of the masterpieces loyalty can be traced through the characters action and words. Loyalty is evident in the characters behaviors to one another or maybe through a test they endure. In _The Odyssey_, _Sir Gawain and the Green Knight_, and _Don Quixote_ loyalty is apparent throughout the story. _The Odyssey_ is believed to have been written by Homer and is infused with loyalty throughout the entire epic story. Odysseus is the most faithful, loving, and loyal husband, to Penelope, that any woman could dream of. Odysseus, in the beginning of his description of the trials and tribulations that he has endured, pledged his eternal loyalty to his ever-faithful wife Penelope. ?We are mortal weary and sick at heart/? [if only] now may I see once more/ my hall, my lands, my people before I die!? (Homer 7:233-240). Thought Odysseus did lie with the goddess his loyalty to Penelope held true. The ?Enchantress in her beauty? (Homer 7:274) enslaved the grand Odysseus to her will; yet Odysseus ?in [his] heart [he] never gave consent.? (Homer 7:276) The goddess offered Odysseus a choice, the ?promise [that he] should be/ immortal, [and] youthful, all the days to come? (Homer 7:275-276) or to continue his long continuous voyage to his queen Penelope. Because Odysseus chose to return to his devoted Penelope instead of gaining immortal life he has provided... ...th all my heart and could not bring myself to leave him, no matter how many foolish thing he does.? (Cervantes 2036). Examples of loyalty can be found in many pieces of classic literature such as _Don Quixote_, _The Odyssey_, and _Sir Gawain and the Green Knight_. Many characters in the stories profess their loyalty to other characters. Some of them fail in their loyalty tests while others prevail. I found loyalty to be an underlying theme in all three pieces of literature covered in this paper. The examples provided should prove the theme of loyalty. Bibliography: Cervantes, Miguel. _Don Quixote_. Lawall 1960-2071. Homer. _The Odyssey_. Lawall 209-513. Lawall, Sarah and Maynard Mack, Eds. _The Norton Anthology of world masterpieces: The Western Traditions_. New York. 1999. _Sir Gawain and the Green Knight_. Lawall 1458-1585.

1920s in The Great Gatsby Essay example -- essays research papers

Written during and regarding the 1920s, ‘The Great Gatsby’ by F. Scott Fitzgerald is both a representation of this distinctive social and historical context, and a construction of the composer’s experience of this era. Beliefs and practises of the present also play a crucial role in shaping the text, in particular changing the way in which literary techniques are interpreted. The present-day responder is powerfully influenced by their personal experiences, some of which essentially strengthen Fitzgerald’s themes, while others compete, establishing contemporary interpretations of the novel. Dubbed the ‘roaring 20s’, because of the massive rise in America’s economy, this social and historical context is widely remembered for its impressive parties and sensationalist attitude. However, Fitzgerald also conveys a more sinister side to this culture through numerous affairs, poverty and a rampage of organised crime. By exposing this moral downfall, Fitzgerald reveals to the responder his value of the American dream and his belief of its decline. As a writer, Fitzgerald was always very much concerned with the present times, consequently, his writing style and plot reflects his own experiences of this era. So similar were the lives of Fitzgerald’s characters to his own that he once commented, â€Å"sometimes I don't know whether Zelda (his wife) and I are real or whether we are characters in one of my novels†. In 1924, Fitzgerald was affected by Zelda’s brief affair with a young French pilot, provoking him to lock her in their house. A construction of this experience can be seen in the way Fitzgerald depicts the 1290s context. For example in ‘The Great Gatsby’, there are numerous affairs and at one point, Mr Wilson locks up his wife to pre... ...der an intense image of the pretence that he believed the upper-class felt during the 1920s. In literature, the rose is usually a symbol of beauty and love, however Fitzgerald makes the comment that in reality, the 1920s are not entirely the wonderful era they are portrayed to be. While the issue of materialism is still very relevant in a modern-day context, the force behind it is quite different. Materialism is less a result of society’s search for love and happiness in an unethical culture, rather, high wages and relatively inexpensive commodities mean that modern, upper-class society obliges to the world of consumerism simply because it can. Through his remarkable use of techniques and style, Fitzgerald has created a realistic construction of his experience of the 1920s which is also heavily shaped by the present-day responder’s own beliefs and practices.

Effect of Media on Young People and Their Sex Lives

Kerianne Hermann Fifteen-year-old Kelly is just like every other sophomore in high school. She loves her friends, enjoys playing on her school’s lacrosse team and does her homework before she goes to be every night. Once the weekend comes and school is out, everything changes. She goes to a cool party hosted by a good-looking quarterback. She drinks, her friends are doing it so why not? Then all of her friends sneak off with boys. Kelly is alone, drunk and vulnerable. When the quarterback walks over and flirts with her she is elated.When he suggests going to another room though, she is nervous, but she goes with him. She sees this happen all the time in movies, and her friends are doing it so how wrong could it be? When she’s home and alone with her own thoughts, she realizes the mistake she has made. Unfortunately this happens to many young girls everyday. All across America girls are being pressured by the media and their peers to have sex. Studies show that by the ag e of twenty, 75 percent of Americans have lost their virginity.In many high schools – and an increasing number of junior highs- virginity is regarded as an embarrassing vestige of childhood, to be disposed of as quickly as possible. (Garity 768-771). Peer pressure is something everyone has to deal with at some point in their life. It can influence the way you dress, the music you listen to, what clubs you join, and even your choices regarding sex. â€Å"The American Public Health Association,† reports Psychology Today, â€Å"did a study and found that one of the biggest reasons that teenagers have sex is because they think their peers are also having sex†. Family). Many girls, young and old, are pressured by peers. Girls think because everyone else is doing it, they should do it too. â€Å"[A factor] I think, is that very little in our culture encourages independent thinking† says Steve Lopez. (776-778) High school girls are very prone to succumbing to pe er pressure. They want to be liked, they want to feel cool, and they’ll do whatever it takes to have everyone know their name, even if it goes against their morals.To most girls now, sex isn’t something to do with someone who loves and respects you, it’s something to do so a boy will like you. If only for a night. â€Å"It’s not just television that scares me,† says Steve Lopez, â€Å"It’s the internet, pop music, radio, advertising. The most lurid elements of each medium now dominate pop culture, and the incessant, pounding message, directed primarily at young people, is that it’s all about sex. † (776-778) The media has been influencing young people’s choices since advertisers realized how naive young people can be.When girls look at an ad for the clothing store Hollister, all they see are half-naked beautiful people having the times of their lives and they think that’s reality. It most certainly is not. â€Å" I’ve lived long enough to know that what I see is a marketing technique,† explains Joyce Garity, â€Å"A moment after the photo session was over, the beautiful room was dismantled, and the models moved onto their next job. Later, the technicians took over the task of doctoring the photograph until it reached full-blown fantasy proportions. (768-771). The media glorifies teen sex. Take a look at teen mom, these girls are praised for getting pregnant at sixteen years old, they got a lot of money and fame out of it. Why wouldn’t other girls want to do the same thing? According to the American Social Health Association, â€Å"Teenagers that watch sexual content in the media are more likely to overestimate the amount of sex their friends and acquaintances are having. They are also more likely to feel permissive of sexual activity and multiple partners. (Family) The media will forever influence people’s thoughts on things to buy, things to wear, how to act and every other social aspect of life. Girls need to be taught that this is not reality. It’s a fake world and what they don’t show you are the consequences of these actions. Nothing is perfect, there is no â€Å"utopia† that exists, these things may look fun and carefree but they have consequences. Joyce Garity asked a young girl Elaine, who was pregnant and living in her home, why she never used birth control. Elaine blushed and stammered. â€Å"Birth control,† she finally got out â€Å"was ‘embarrassing’.It wasn’t ‘romantic’. You couldn’t be really passionate,† she explained â€Å"and worry about birth control at the same time. † (Garity 768-771) Girls see the basic side of sex, which is essentially, just sex. What they don’t think about is unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, like AIDS which is fatal. They definitely don’t think about the brutality of rape. Gail Abarbanel , director of the Rape Treatment Center in Santa Monica, California says 50% of rape victims are eighteen or younger, and the rapists are acquaintences 80% of the time. Lopez 776-778). Girls are having sex and they think that â€Å"it wont happen to them† but it most certainly will if they don’t take the right precautions. Young people need to be educated about the dangers of unprotected sex before something bad happens to them. The best defense against STDs is knowledge. â€Å"Studies have shown that teenagers who are equipped with the education they need to protect themselves are more likely to engage in protective behaviors during sex. † (Family).The point of being educated about sex isn’t to scare people away from it, or mark it as forbidden, but to make sure teenagers know everything before they make their decision on whether or not to engage in sexual activity. If a person can think independently for themselves, they can make the right decisions for who they are. Teenagers are so heavily influence by the media and their peers that they forget they can do this. Teen sex isn’t the problem, a lack of education is. Teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases are a growing epidemic in this country.The children today are our future, they need to know how to make the right decisions for themselves or they will never understand how big of a problem this is. Citations Lopez, Steve. â€Å"A Scary Time to Raise a Daughter. † College Writing Skills With Readings. Ed. John Langan. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010. 776-778. Print. Garity, Joyce. â€Å"Is Sex All That Matters? † College Writing Skills With Readings. Ed. John Langan. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010. 768-771. Print. â€Å"Sexually Active Teens – Teen Sex Facts and Teen Sex Talk. † Family First Aid. 2000-2004. 24 October 2011.

About Schmidt

a . One of the major losses seen in the film is Warren ‘s loss of his wife Helen . There also came a point where Warren learned that his wife had an affair with his best friend . This added up to the grief that he was already bearing . This caused him to think that he was a very inadequate husband and had thought over his shortcomings as a husband . During the time that he was pondering over the matter , it is very evident that lingered on memories and at the same time experiences distress over his daughter ‘s impending marriage.He exhibited Rando ‘s Six R Processes -there is the recognition of the loss , experiencing different emotions ,reviewing his life when his wife was still alive , seeking for forgiveness , and adjusting to the situation . In the long run , he forgives his wife for engaging in the affair and at the same time asks for forgiveness for letting her down . b . As a means of coping , he preoccupied himself with urging his daughter not to marry.He al so released tension and distress through his letters for the Tanzanian boy . This together with continuous realization of his life became his coping mechanism . It should be noted that there was a point wherein he think that when he dies and everyone he knows dies it will appear as if he didn ‘t exist . But in the end , he is overwhelmed by what he learned that the Tanzanian boy actually benefited from him and that†¦

Comments On The Financial Performance Of Rap Ltd Essay

Efficient management strategy reflects in the gross profit sales which increased in the year 2008 with 23% as compared with the year 2009. In the year 2009, RAP Ltd. hasn’t focuses on reduces the cost of goods sold which gives a slightly negative reflection on the gross profit. Slight decrease in the year 2009 gross profit because of economic recession in the economy reflects on the gross profit of RAP Ltd. Moreover, RAP Ltd. high ratio of COGS in the shape of FOH, Purchases etc and also due to internal restructuring. On the whole the gross profit margin is fair enough and one should hope that the percentage of gross profit margin will increase in years to come Meigs (1999). NET PROFIT MARGIN The profit margin on sales ratio tells us the ability of the firm to convert its sales into profits. A low profit margin on sales indicates high expenses which consume most of the revenue earned by the firm. In such a case, the firm needs to analyze and point out areas which are producing more expenses than usual. The higher the ratio, the better it is for the company. From the perspective of RAP Ltd. there is a slightly negative moment is reviewed in the year 2009. RAP Ltd. net profit margin in the year 2009 is 12% because of margins in selling, administration expenses and Distribution costs. In that case RAP Ltd. still has a room for improvement in the net profit margin Garrison (2004). Moreover in the year 2009, because of rough economic and business condition, RAP Ltd. efficient business running strategy hit badly in terms of net profit margin. It is viewed that Net Profit margin rate will increase in years to come. The management strategy has helped generate more revenue but there has been significant impact made on the net profit Myers, Brealey and Marcus (2001). LIQUIDITY CURRENT RATIO The current ratio tells us about the liquidity of the company. It is the ratio which tells us the company’s ability to pay off its liabilities using the current assets in case the company is liquidated. Higher the current ratio, the better it is. RAP Ltd. current ratio is slightly on the lower side in the year 2009 in comparison with the year 2008. This ratio indicates a higher margin of safety with respect to meeting current obligations. RAP Ltd. current ratio will not allow them to take more debt as compared to previous years practices. RAP Ltd. current ratio haven’t strong current ratio and its gives a not a strong and positive signal to the creditors that company’s business operation is running on a right path. The current ratio of RAP Ltd. suggests that company have not sufficient and ample reserve cash or liquid asset and RAP Ltd. can’t utilize the excess or reserve cash on their ongoing business. QUICK RATIO RAP Ltd. quick ratio is not better in all the two years period. Although, RAP Ltd. has a higher inventory but improper maintenance of working capital management strategy has also a hurdle in order to produce a healthy quick ratio. In addition, RAP Ltd. quick ratio gives a negative signal to the market, indicating that there is a liquidity problem for RAP Ltd. Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. (2001). EFFICIENCY STOCK TURNOVER PERIOD RAP Ltd. is able to convert its inventory into cash every 59th day in the year 2009 and 55th day in the year 2008, which is not good going for the company in comparison with the previous years. This shows that RAP Ltd. is better at managing its inventory especially in the years 2008. RAP Ltd. inventory management strategies make a strong reflection on this ratio and it is evident that company’s operating cycle is slightly high in comparison with the previous years which are fair practice as far as company’s perspective is concerned. RECEIVABLE (DEBTORS) DAYS Receivable debtors’ days tells us the average number of days it will take to recover the accounts receivables balance. This allows the investors and the management of the company to analyze the effectiveness of the current credit policy and its implementation. Slow collection period increases the probability of bad debts and this important factor make a reflection on the RAP Ltd. average collection period. RAP Ltd. has employed an effective credit policy for its customers and adopted an aggressive credit policy to collect their receivables. CAPITAL STRUCTURE DEBT TO EQUITY Dependency on debt financing is not a bad habit but it has consequences if you rely on more. RAP Ltd. debt to equity ratio is on the lower side in the year 2009 in comparison with the year 2008 due to the factors of business volume, increment in sales, fulfilment to pay the suppliers and acquisitions of fixed asset. Due to the expansion in business, RAP Ltd. has plenty of financial obligations, most of which has been acquired through equity. DEBT TO ASSET RAP Ltd. D/A ratio, is around 12% in the year 2009. In the year 2008, the debt to total assets is around 14% which is good as far as the performance is concerned. The year 2009 is worst for RAP Ltd. , the main reason behind is the improper utilization of debt in order to capitalize assets. Moreover, it also reveals the fact that the management of the company can’t generate more assets in response with the debt. A higher D/A ratio would place the company under increased amount of risk, especially if the interest rates are rising. Hence, a lower D/A ratio would be more desirable Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. (2001). INTEREST COVERAGE RATIO This ratio helps the analysts analyze the ability of the firm to pay interest on the debt. This ratio is especially of concern to the creditors of the firm or the banks who are interested in providing debt financing to the firm. If the company is able to pay its interest expense, only then it is able to obtain financing. The TIE ratio of RAP Ltd. is satisfactory since it is showing a high earning before income and tax. TIE ratio is concerned it looks healthy as far as company’s future operations are concerned and it also gives an indication that debt holders are not concerned about the company’s performance because RAP Ltd. has reported an excellent TIE ratio through out two years. It is a good signal for the company’s perspective (Besley, Brigham, 2001). RECOMMENDATIONS My recommendations are stated below: †¢ Design the Internal control system that really helps in the company’s financial policies. †¢ Formulating and implementing the corporate strategy which determines the company’s mission and objectives and also oversight the risk associated with. †¢ High cost of sales make a negative impact on the gross profit and also the raising variable and fixed cost cut down the profit so the company take all necessary step to continue the same practice. †¢ Company also making the strategy to utilize all the assets at its optimum level and not should eyeing on the fact that no asset remains idle. Moreover, company focuses more on capital expenditure. †¢ High leverage and dependency on debt financing create an alarming situation for XYZ Inc because in this current scenario current ratio is slightly weaker and it not gives the right signal to the debt holder. Current Asset can’t generate the income in away that reflects in the current ratio. All in all, not out of the woods but small improvements in sales and margins and return to basics could translate into more upside. CONCLUSION RAP Ltd. portrays a very strong and positive position in the markets place and without doubt this company has an ability to challenge its rivals to have a girds to become the market leader. There are certain areas where RAP Ltd. should pay attention to like in the area of working capital, net profit margin, reduction in revenue expenditures on consistent basis and assist in increase its investor’s confidence towards the organization. C. The limitations are stated below: †¢ The implementation of different accounting policies might distract the reported figures. Like frequently made changes in depreciation methods, in inventory valuation technique etc (Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. 2001, p. 98). †¢ If the reported figures on financial statement are out of date then the ratio can’t portrait the true picture of the company. †¢ The ratio are also not debated on the risk associated the figures. †¢ If the employees or the management of the company manipulated with the figures or uses the big bath accounting technique or uses window dressing techniques then the ratios are also not clearly projected the company’s performance. (Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. 2001, p. 98) †¢ Ratios are also not clearly drawn the valid projection of the company’s capital structure or the size of the company’s business (Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. 2001, p. 98). †¢ It is the reality that inflation distorts the reported amount. Ratio are not provides any appropriate judgment over the issue related with inflation. †¢ The factor of risk is beyond the control of ratios and the ratios are provides any proper evaluation related with risk. REFERENCES Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. (2001). Principles of Finance. Florida: Harcourt College Publishers. Brealey, Richard A. , Stewart C. Myers, Alan J. Marcus (2001). Fundamentals of Corporate Finance. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Garrison, Ray H, Eric Noreen, Peter C. Brewer (2004). Managerial Accounting. Meigs, Robert F. , Mary A. Meigs, Mark Bettner, Ray Whittington. Accounting: the basis for Business Decisions. 11th ed. New York: McGraw Hill

Individuals with dementia Essay

Together these legislations formed the fundamental rights and freedom of an individual. These affect the rights of everyday life of an individual including what they can say and do, their beliefs, right not to be tortured and right to a fair trial. These rights have limits to ensure that it does not damage other people’s rights. 1.2 – evaluate agreed ways of working that relate to rights and choices of an individual with dementia Policies and procedures in the care home including: Mission Statement Health and Safety Risk Assessment Safeguarding Person Centered Care Planning Equality Policy Complaints Procedure Safety and Security Anti-Discrimination Moving and Handling see more:enable rights and choices of individuals with dementia whilst minimising risks 1.3 – explain how and when personal information may be shared with carers and others, taking into account legislative frameworks and agreed ways of working The law of confidence protects people from having their personal information shared against their wishes. If a person gives private information to another person or organisation and reasonably expects that information to be kept confidential, they can take legal action if  information is passed on without their consent. The threat of legal action may cause staff about disclosing personal guidance states that personal information given to social workers by a service user should be kept confidential and only disclosed where this could be in the public interest, where there is risk or where there is a legal obligation to disclose information about a service user. Doctors have a duty of confidentiality to their patients. Generally personal information may only be disclosed, even to a persons close family, if he or she consents. This duty of confidentiality can be breached if there is a strong need to do so in the â€Å"public interest† or in the interest of the patient. A doctor may choose to breach confidentiality if they foresee harm to a patient or others. The British Association of Social Workers ethical guidance states that personal information given to social workers by a service user should be kept confidential and only disclosed where this could be in the public interest, where there is risk or where there is a legal obligation to disclose. 2.1 – demonstrate that the best interests of an individual with dementia are considered when planning and delivering care and support This is a tricky thing to provide as the individuals wishes may not be the same as what is in their best interest. This is a system that can be used which usually involves a best interest meeting which should involve the individuals family, carers, Dr or any specialists involved, in this meeting decisions can be made when everyone agrees on what is best for the individual. 2.2 – demonstrate how an individual with dementia can be enabled to exercise their rights and choices even when a decision has not been deemed to be in their best interests 2.3 – explain why it is important not to assume that an individual with dementia cannot make their own decisions 2.4 – describe how the ability of an individual with dementia to make decisions may fluctuate 3.2 – describe how a conflict of interest can be addressed between the carer and an individual with dementia whilst balancing rights, choices and risk 3.3 – describe how to ensure an individual with dementia, carers and others feel able to complain without fear of retribution 4.1 – describe how to maintain privacy and dignity when providing personal  support for intimate care to an individual with dementia

Human Resources Current Issues Involve

Human Resources current issues involve various aspects of the HR function and activities. Let us look at some of these. There are several writers who believe that we need to do some rethinking on strategic HR. One other issue raised is the necessity to do a rethinking on â€Å"strategic recruitment. † There is much talk about strategic Human Resource management. But surveys had shown that there is not much evidence that its implementation is widespread. It also varies from country to country. The role of human resources is changing as the result of globalization, rapid technological development and progress, and changes in stakeholders' expectation, among many. Skill in managing global human resources is fast becoming one of the emerging human resources current issues. Workers migration and expatriate employees pose problematic issues. These require organizations to formulate an appropriate international Human Resource management policy. Many organizations are yet to recognize the need to do this. Another issue, namely, the continued use of job description is criticized. Some argue it is no longer relevant. Another matter that needs attention is the increased presence of Female employees. Female workers are now competing for jobs that are formerly the domain of male employees. Still another issue that calls for attention is employee behavior. It is becoming harder to terminate or dismiss even difficult and under-performing employees. What more, even the use of strategies in the implementation of human resource management has been questioned as being anti-union and manipulative. Training continues as on-going concerns of organizations. But they are not the only parties concerned with training. It has become a national issue in many countries. The CEO Employment contract is coming under increasing scrutiny. Among the questions raised are whether the performance of CEOs merits the kind of pay they are receiving, and whether they should go if their achievement is not up to the board's expectation. Apart from all these issues which do not fail to surface from time to time, human resource diversity is fast becoming an important human resources current issue. The Knowledge Organization Change your organization's plans in response to changes in the business environment. Ways to managing human resources must also change in line with changes in your business plan. To do this, you need information on what brought about the current state of things. You need ideas and knowledge on how the HR function can respond effectively to the new situation. Proponents and practitioners of human resource management usually provide ideas which can give new insights. Be alert to new books on HR management and human resources articles on Human Resources current issues. One way of ensuring you do not miss new information is to become a knowledge organization. Here, every one of your employees is encouraged to educate themselves and to widen their knowledge. HR current issues will update your HR people information. Managing People, Performance and Risk Effective management of employees is important. Doing this motivates employees to do their respective job well. Employees become more focused and will want to continue working for your organization. Manage your employee's performance well by aligning what they do to the achievement of your business objectives. Identify the risks related to your human resource. For example, what are the risks if your good employees leave. Or what will happen if your people are not achieving their defined objectives. What steps can you take to reduce or minimize the risks involved? What can you do to prevent any of the risks from recurring? Risk is one of the human resources current issues that your organization must manage and control. This is especially true during economic downturn or when organizations are undergoing a difficult phase. HR Planning To meet all the challenges posed by Human Resources current issues, you need an HR plan. Such a plan needs to determine the possible trend of HR. Under such a plan, you can improve people's readiness by way of human resource training and development plans under strategic human resource development.

Financial Analysis of Dell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Financial Analysis of Dell - Essay Example Dell, Inc. is a leading supplier of information technology equipment and peripherals such as printers, music players, mobile phones, laptop and desktop computers and software, and servers and storage systems. Founded in 1984 by Michael Dell, currently the Chairman of the Board, it generated total sales of $55.9 billion and profits of $3.6 billion in 2006 on the basis of a direct-selling business model to a growing global corporate and consumer market. Customers place orders over the phone or the Internet, pay for purchases up front, and wait for on-time delivery. Its business model allows Dell to sell computers at a lower price and that are tailor-fit to each customer's needs. Although it began by selling to individual consumers, the company now generates over 75% of its sales from large corporate accounts. Using a supply chain and financial management system that it innovated and successfully continues to improve, the company keeps spare parts and finished products inventories low, its cash volumes high, and net profits optimized to drive phenomenal corporate growth. In the task of managing a 65,000-strong global workforce spread in seven manufacturing sites in the U.S., Brazil, Malaysia, China, and Ireland, Dell is assisted by President/CEO Kevin Rollins and a team of directors and professional managers from its Austin, Texas headquarters and five regional offices (Dell, 2006e, p. 22-24). The company belongs to the highly competitive technology sector populated by established companies. It competes for global market share in computer hardware sales with IBM, HP, Xerox, and Apple of the U.S., and with NEC, Fujitsu, and Canon of Japan. Due to the effects of global competition on operating margins, Dell has evolved from a mere assembler and seller of products developed by other companies - such as Intel that supplies computer chips and Taiwanese companies supplying wires and other parts - into a designer of its own products like PDAs and PCs. The first half of 2006 was good for Dell. Fortune ranked the company 25th among the 500 Largest U.S. Corporations; 23rd in annual profit growth measured in Earnings per Share over the last ten years hitting 33.1%; and 2nd in Ten-Year Total Return to Shareholders with 39.4%, making it the second best investment in the list (McGirt, 2006). Its revenues made it the 88th largest company and the third largest supplier of computers and office equipment in the world after IBM and Hewlett-Packard (Lustgarten, 2006). However, the second half of the year has been brutal for the company. First, a battery in a Dell laptop exploded in the U.S., which turned out not to be an isolated case, leading Dell to recall and replace 4.1 million batteries, the largest such order in the history of American business, opening the company to embarrassment and potential lawsuits. Second, Dell made public that in August 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) launched an investigation of its accounting practices. This double trouble

Leadership Approach Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership Approach - Research Paper Example This paper discusses group performance study as an approach to studying leadership. Organizational group performance is the performance of various groups that are involved in the functioning organizational departments to achieve its goals. The efficiency of departmental groups contributes to the general success of the whole organization. Training employees in various groups helps them evaluate their performance by identifying the possible gaps in their skills or performance and plan on how to make effective improvements. According to Yuki (2010), for a group to be effective, all members have to work in unity to achieve results. Issues arising among the different members of the group are a hindrance on achieving results. These issues could be either task related, interpersonal related or either common. Measurement of group performance relies on the contribution of all group members working towards completing a similar task by application of interpersonal skills. A good leader should possess skills and knowledge to direct the group members in achieving the common goal. The out-come of the group measures the leaders’ level of performance. The performance of the entire organization is largely depended on the performance of the various groups of the organization. A successful leader should be in a position to control the various groups of the organization to achieve the goal of organization (Kottler & Englar, 2010). A leader chooses the most preferable method of leadership to apply to the group, which could either be autocratic or democratic. An autocratic leader makes the group’s decision with minimum or no consultations from the other members, while a democratic leader allows consultations of all group members and considers individual opinions regarding the issue at hand. Group leadership defines the purpose of the group, and every member is of the group feels proud to belong to the group. Members understand the roles

Executive summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Executive summary - Essay Example In 1990, European identity was formed. This was encouraged by values like poverty eradication, job creation, environmental protection, war rejection, freedom and democracy, human rights and European culture diversification (Polonska & Kimunguyi, 107). American media had dominated in 1980’s. This enabled USA to dominate the whole world in terms of imagery and even power. Western Europe countries also started to dominate the media but in minor way. Through technological development, some parts of Western Europe were able to have TV channels. Introduction of satellites made communication easier but western European media failed to introduce. Therefore, the European media was sidelined (Polonska & Kimunguyi, 108). In 1980, European fought cultural imperialism involving itself more on the media industries. An initiative called European Initiative was formed. Television channels were introduced since they were known to be more influential. This led to the existence of the Euronews. Euronews majors on current affairs and news only. It started broadcasting in five languages but currently it does broadcasting in twelve languages. It broadcasts to 333 million households (Polonska & Kimunguyi, 110). Euronews covers all stories from regions and these stories must be relevant to the European citizen. Its journalists ensure that national allusions and references are adhered to. Journalists write their own accounts. The stories they give should balance view where objectivity is the main rule (Polonska & Kimunguyi, 112). Currently, Euronews is trying to reach the whole world. It is broadcasting in twelve languages. This ensures that it is hunting the whole world. Euronews is reaching many countries in the world because European Union is also going global (Polonska & Kimunguyi,